Dr. Higley says tyranny flourishes when the majority remains politically inactive

By Mark DaCosta- In our beloved nation, and others, we often find ourselves pondering and wondering, why oppressed masses don’t rise against tyranny and oppression? This article will examine this perplexing question, drawing on academic papers, studies, and expert research to unravel the interesting dynamics behind the passive acceptance of oppression.

To comprehend this phenomenon, let’s start by defining a tyrant. A tyrant is an individual or group that exercises oppressive power, often disregarding the rights and well-being of the majority. Examples like Hitler and the white minority rule in South Africa serve as stark reminders of the historical grip tyrants can have on societies, and the damage that tyrannical dictatorships may unleash.

Tyranny, in essence, embodies the absolute abuse of power, where dictatorial rulers impose their will upon the masses without accountability. The exploitation, repression, and suppression that accompany tyranny manifest in various forms throughout history, leaving scars on the collective psyche of nations.

Political power, a central player in this narrative, is a force that a ruling body holds. However, it’s crucial to recognise that this power is only as potent as the masses allow or recognise. In other words, an oppressive political regime can exist only with the acceptance of the masses of oppressed people. Our nation, with its rich history, is a living testament to the delicate balance between the governed and those who govern.

In the words of political theorist Hannah Arendt, “Power corresponds to the human ability not just to act but to act in concert. Power is never the property of an individual; it belongs to a group and remains in existence only so long as the group keeps together.” This echoes the idea that a government’s strength lies in the collective unity of its people. On the other side of the coin,  the power of the masses depends on their degree of unity.

Academic experts shed light on why oppressed masses often endure tyranny. Dr. John Higley, affiliated with the University of Texas at Austin, argues, “Tyranny flourishes when the majority remains politically inactive or lacks the cohesion necessary for collective action. It’s a complex interplay of fear, apathy, and a fragmented opposition that allows the minority to dominate.”

Moreover, international organisations, such as Amnesty International, emphasise the importance of raising awareness and fostering unity. A spokesperson states, “Tyranny persists when citizens are unaware of their collective strength. By educating and mobilising the masses, oppressive regimes can be challenged effectively.”

So, how can our people halt a political tyrant? The answer lies in the realisation of collective power. Renowned political scientist Gene Sharp, associated with the Albert Einstein Institution, asserts, “Nonviolent resistance is a potent tool against tyranny. Mass movements, if strategically organised, can exert tremendous pressure on oppressive regimes and dismantle their foundations.”

In our nation’s context, where history has witnessed the triumph of collective action against colonial rule, the power of the masses cannot be underestimated. As revered Guyanese historian Walter Rodney aptly stated, “Our nation’s strength lies in the unity of our people. Only by standing together can we challenge and overcome any force that seeks to oppress us.”

To summarise, the endurance of tyranny is a multifaceted interplay of factors, from political apathy to a fragmented opposition. Our nation’s history teaches us that the collective power of the masses is the antidote to tyranny. Through education, awareness, and strategic organisation, our people can rise against any political oppressor and reclaim our rightful place as the architects of our destiny. As Guyanese who want a free, fair, just, equitable society, we may wish to think about such matters.