A significant shift in the global financial order may be unfolding following Saudi Arabia’s decision not to renew its decades-old oil agreement with the United States, according to former Guyana Ambassador to Kuwait, Professor Dr. Shamir Ally.
Writing in Village Voice News on Saturday, Ally pointed to reports that the 50-year arrangement—commonly known as the Petrodollar Agreement—expired on June 9, 2024, without renewal, ending Saudi Arabia’s obligation to sell oil exclusively in U.S. dollars.
“SAUDI ARABIA has decided NOT TO RENEW its 50-year-old AGREEMENT with the United States… This decision is part of broader changes in the Global Financial landscape, highlighting the diminishing influence of the DOLLAR and the rise of a NEW financial paradigm,” he wrote.
The agreement, signed in 1974 after the United States abandoned the gold standard, helped entrench the U.S. dollar as the world’s primary reserve currency by ensuring global oil trade was conducted in dollars. For decades, the arrangement proved mutually beneficial—Saudi Arabia sold oil in dollars and invested heavily in U.S. government bonds, while receiving military protection and strategic backing in return.
With the agreement now lapsed, Ally noted that Saudi Arabia is no longer bound to that structure.
“While this does not mean the dollar is banned, it means Saudi Arabia is NO LONGER OBLIGATED to sell OIL EXCLUSIVELY in U.S. dollars and is NOW exploring other currencies,” he stated.
He argued that the shift reflects deeper changes in global trade patterns, particularly the redirection of Saudi oil exports away from traditional Western markets toward Asia.
“In 2000, 38 percent of Saudi oil exports went to Europe and North America; by 2022, this had dropped to about 18 percent. Conversely, exports to China and India have surged from 6 percent to 48 percent,” Ally observed.
According to Ally, Saudi Arabia is increasingly positioning itself to transact in currencies such as the yuan, euro, ruble and yen, aligning with a broader “de-dollarization” trend among major oil producers and emerging economies.
He also pointed to geopolitical tensions as a contributing factor, particularly concerns within the Gulf over U.S. military priorities. Referencing recent U.S. deployments in support of Israel, including “OPERATION EPIC FURY,” Ally suggested that Gulf states are reassessing their strategic relationships.
“IN PRACTICE, GULF STATES see A MIXED SIGNAL… the visible surge of arms TO ISREAL… highlights that ISREAL REMAINS Washington’s FIRST TIER ALLY,” he wrote.
While defence cooperation between the United States and Gulf states continues, Ally said these developments have prompted calls for more structured and reliable security arrangements, rather than reliance on informal guarantees.
Despite the shift, he acknowledged that the U.S. dollar remains dominant in global oil trade, accounting for roughly 80 percent of transactions. However, its share is declining.
“THE DOLLAR remains the dominant global reserve currency, BUT its share in OIL trading has DROPPED from 71% in 2000 to ROUGHLY 57% by 2026,” he noted.
Ally warned that this gradual erosion could have serious implications, including inflationary pressures in the United States, rising interest rates, and strain on the U.S. bond market.
He further highlighted Saudi Arabia’s interest in alternative payment systems, including BRICS-backed platforms, as evidence of a shifting financial architecture.
“END of Exclusivity: Saudi Arabia now has the freedom to sell oil in various currencies… reducing reliance on the dollar,” he stated.
Still, he emphasized that the transition away from the dollar will likely be gradual due to its entrenched global use and the lack of fully viable alternatives at scale.
Addressing regional stability, Ally said recent U.S. military action against Iran briefly unsettled investor confidence but did not fundamentally undermine the Gulf’s position as a stable hub for business and investment.
“Operation Epic Fury… DID RATTLE the Gulf’s RISK PICTURE… BUT the GCC’s core business hubs… HAVE NOT ‘shattered’ as SAFE ZONES,” he wrote.
Taken together, Ally’s analysis suggests that while the U.S. dollar remains central to the global economy, the foundations of its dominance are slowly shifting—signaling the emergence of a more multipolar financial world.
